今天小编为大家分享的是考研英语阅读，文章包含了句子解析及其翻译，还有语法的知识和重点词汇，这样可以帮助我们更好的学习哦，希望通过这篇文章的学习对你们有所帮助，下面跟随小编一起学习吧。
1、The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities.
解析：本句属于简单句，The study of law 做主语as a basic intellectual discipline 是主语补足语 in European universities和for centuries 分别作状语修饰主语the study of law。
翻译：几个世纪以来，法律研究一直是欧洲大学公认的一门基础知识学科。
2、However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.
解析：本句为倒装结构，语法规则为:only 状语位于句首或主语之前时，主句半倒装（has it become a …）。如果对待倒装理解困难时，可将句子的主干和修饰成分进行拆分之后，将半倒装句改写会正常的语序，则整个句子重组为：only in recent years it has become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.
翻译：然而，直到近几年才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个特点。
3、Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.
解析：本句需注意断句，in such institution 是介宾短语作状语，be viewed as 是谓语搭配，不存在be viewed in. 翻译的要点，介宾短语作状语需要放在句子前面翻译。
翻译：传统上来说，在加拿大的大学之中，法律知识一直以来被视为律师所特有的，而没有被视为一个受过教育之人的知识储备的必要部分。
4、Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.
解析：①本句为and连接的并列句，前半部分的主干为“主谓宾”结构 = the older and more continental view of legal education/ is establishing/ itself; 后半句分主干为“主谓宾”= some/ have begun/ to offer undergraduate degrees in law.②in a number of Canadian universities 译为：在一部分加拿大大学中，做前半句的地点状语。
翻译：令人高兴的是，在加拿大的一些大学里，一些大学甚至开始提供法律本科学位，形成了更古老、更大陆化的法律教育观。
5、If the study of law is beginning to establish as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.
解析：1. if引导条件状语从句，从句的主干为主谓宾 = the study of law/ is beginning / to establishing itself as part and parcel of a general education.2. 句子主干为主谓宾 = its aims and methods/ should appeal to / journalism educators
翻译：如果法学研究开始成为普通教育的一个组成部分，那么它的目的和方法应该直接吸引新闻教育工作者。
6、Law is a discipline encourages responsible judgment.
解析：本句为主系表结构 定语从句。encourage前面省略了定语which。
翻译：法律是一种鼓励负责任判断的纪律。
7、On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.
解析：本句为主谓宾结构 动词不定式做定语修饰opportunities
翻译：一方面，它提供了分析正义、和自由等思想的机会。
8、On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.
解析：which 引导的定语从句修饰整个句子，其中嵌套as引导的方式状语从句。
翻译：在另一方面，法律以一种方式将这些概念和每天的日常联系起来，这就像在日常当记者们报道和评论新闻的时候，所建立起来的联系一样。
9、For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.
解析：首句为简单句。句子主干为notice are at work。介词短语 of evidence and fact 和 of basic rights and public interest作 notions 的后置定语；in the process…production作地点状语；just as…为方式状语。翻译时，后置定语要放在被修饰词之前，方式状语也要置于谓语之前。二句主干为主系表结构，即Sharpening … is a desirable component of …，主语为动名词短语sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law …
点拨：l、at work 意为“起作用”，不能译作“上班”或 “在工作”。2、in the process of意为“在…的过程中”。3、incourts of law 意为“在法庭上”。
翻译：例如，证据和事实、基本权利和公共利益的概念在新闻审判和制作过程中起作用，正如在一样。通过吸收和反思法律来提高判断力，是新闻工作者为其职业生涯做好思想准备的一个理想组成部分。
10、But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
解析：复合句。主句主干为the idea… rests on an understanding。that引导同位语从句补充说明idea。与定语从句的译法相似，如果同位语从句较简单，可采用合译，译作“…这种观点”；也可采用分译法,如“…，这一观点…”；本句的翻译采用后一种方法。此外，一、个of短语在understanding后作其后置定语，而of the news media 又是 established conventions and special responsibilities 的后置定语.翻译时都应前置。
点拨：rest on本意为“停留在”，但在句中取其抽象 意义“取决于”或“建立在…上”。established根据搭配conventions应译为“既定的，已经确定的”，不能译作 “已经建立的”或“建成的”。
翻译：但是，记者必须比普通民众更深刻地理解法律，这种说法是基于对新闻媒体的既定惯例和特殊职责的理解上的。
11、Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists.
解析：本句主干为主系表结构 = politics or the functioning of the state / is /a major subject. 主语为Politics or the functioning of the state 为A or B，其中嵌套了一个副词结构（more broadly）做补充说明。在A or B 这种结构中，多数是为了更好的解释前面的名词。例如：Kaochong, or the best online website for English learning, has gained great popularity.
翻译：政治，或者更广泛地说，国家的职能，是记者的一个主要课题。
12、The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be.
解析：本句为固定结构句式：the 比较级 …，the 比较级…, 其中前半句表示条件，后半句表示结果。因此，本句可以改写为If they are better informed about the way the state works, their reporting will be better.此外，该结构也是写作的高频句，例如：The more you give, the more you get. (付出的越多，回报就越多。)
翻译：他们对国家工作方式的了解越多，他们的报告就越好。
13、In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.
解析：it是形式主语，difficult是形容词，构成形式主语结构；who引导的定语从句修饰journalist；a clear grasp of的意思是“清晰掌握、理解”，可以替换低级词汇understand；see表示“理解、懂得”。
翻译：事实上，我们很难理解那些没有能够清晰掌握加拿大宪法基本特征的记者们是怎样胜任关于政治新闻报道工作的。
14、Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists.
解析：本句整体难度不大，句子主干为主系表结构。主语为and连接的并列结构: the legal system and the events which occur within it，which引导定语从句修饰the events, it 指代the legal system.
翻译：此外，法律制度及其内部发生的事件是新闻工作者的首要主题。

15、While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.
解析：While引导让步状语从句，表“虽然”或“尽管”，while comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, 译为：尽管律师的评论和反馈可能提升新闻报道（的价值）。后半句为固定表达 it is preferable for sb. to do sth. 译为：某人好应该做某事= 某人做某事是更好的， 主干为it is preferable for journalists to rely on … and make …
翻译：虽然与法律有关的新闻报道的性质差别很大，但是，许多新闻记者过分依赖律师提供给他们的诠释
16、While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.
解析：while放在句首，首先考虑“然而”的意思；it is preferable for 为形式主语；rely on和make属于两个并列的动作；
翻译：尽管来自于律师的评论和反应可能会提高报道的质量，但是我们更加倾向于记者们依靠自己的对重要的理解并且做出自己的判断。
17、These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.
翻译：这些判断只能来自于对法律体系的充分理解。
单词整理.
discipline训练; 训导; 纪律; 风纪; 训练方法
journalism新闻业; 新闻工作
judgment看法; 意见; 评价; 判断力; 识别力; 判决; 裁决
forge艰苦干成; 努力加强; 伪造; 假冒; 锻造
conventions习俗; 常规; 惯例; 大会，; 公约
broadly大体上; 基本上; 不考虑细节地
informed有学问的; 有见识的; 知会;
undue不适当的; 过分的; 过度的
词组整理.
general education通识教育
part and parcel of…的内容; …的必要部分
parallel to平行于；与……平等
in a manner在一定程度上
comment on就发表看法；评论