下面小编跟大家一起了解考研英语试题词汇解析，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
1. In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency", George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the "upfront work search" scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit - and then they should report weekly rahter than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
2. More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allownance."Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on," he claimed. "We're doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster." Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms“ to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for 'fundamental fairness' - protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
3. Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in our life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
4. But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency - permanent dependency. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happend. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase 'jobseeker's allowance' is about redefining the unemployed as 'jobseeker' who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited 'allowance,' conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at￡71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
总体分析：
来源：The Guardian 《卫报》2013.6.23这是一篇”时事评论“，作者对英国财相奥斯本旨在严格失业救济金领取的”先期工作搜索“方案进行了强烈批驳，指出这是对失业者经济困境及不安心理的无视，是对英国福利制度20年日益严格的改革历史的忽视，是对福利制度原则的背离。行文脉络：介绍新政（1、2）- 展开批驳（3、4）
全文翻译：
为了”使生活更美好“及降低”依赖“，财政大臣乔治.奥斯本引起了”先期工作搜索“计划。失业者只有带着简历到求职中心、注册网上求职、并开始寻找工作，才有资格领取救济金；此后，他们应每周而不是每两周报到一次。还有什么能比这更合理呢？
接下来还有更多貌似合理之处。现在，求职者将要经过一个七天的等待期才能拿到津贴。”那几天本应用于找工作，而不是指望登记（领取救济金），“他声称。”我们之所以这样做事因为知道这能帮助人们远离救济，且能帮助那些依靠救济的人更快找到工作。帮助？真的吗？咋一听来，这里这位心系社会的财相在通过“改革”一个明显具有纵容性的体系来努力使人们生活更好，现有体系对新失业者找工作的努力程度要求太低、从而助长懒惰。不过我们要明白，他的动机是出自对“基本公平”的热情- 保护纳税者，控制开支并确保只有那些————应资助的申请者才能领导补贴。
失去工作会令人十分痛苦：你不可能是心哼小曲、蹦蹦跳跳地走向求职中心，途中你也不会因畅想慷慨的会使你的收入翻番而感到兴奋。失业在经济上是可怕的，在心理上是尴尬的，而且你知道救济极少且极难获得。你现在不被需要，被排除在为人们提供目标和结构的工作环境之外。更糟的是，养活你自己及家庭并用来支付账单的重要收入来源不复存在了。问问任何一个刚失业的人他想要什么，回答永远是：一份工作。
但是在奥斯本的世界，能是陷入依赖-若能得到，你希望永远依赖—这被一个过于愿意纵容你虚伪的所支持。这好像二十年来日益严厉的求职和救济管理体系改革从未发生过。英国福利制度的原则不再是保障你抵抗失业风险、在灾难发生时无条件获得救济。甚至“求职者津贴”这一术语就是意在将失业者定义为不具有领取救济金这一基本权利的“求职者”，而这一权利是她或他通过缴纳国民保险所赢得的。取而代之的是，申请人获得一种具有时限、附带积极寻找工作的条件的“津贴”；没有权利，没有保障，有的只是一周71.7镑，欧盟低的补贴之一。

词汇、句子解析
1.
(1) dependency n. 从属
(2) chancellor 、大臣
(3) exchequer n. 、国库
chancellor of the exchequer
(4) upfront adv. 在前面地
(5) jobless n. 失业者， adj. 失业的
the jobcentre
register for online job search
look for work
(6) eligible adj.合格的，n.合格
be eligible for benefit
(7) fortnightly adv.每两周地
(8) reasonable
2.
(1) more apparent reasonableness followed.接下来还有更多貌似合理之处
reasonableness n. 合理，妥当
(2) jobseeker
a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allowance
(3) allowance
(4) help people stay off benefits
帮助人么远离救济
(5) help those on benefits get into work faster
帮助那些依靠救济的人更快的找到工作
(6) the socially concerned chancellor 这位心系社会的财相
(7) reform
(8) indulgent adj.放纵的，宽容的
(9) subsidise v. 资助
subsidises laziness 助长懒惰
(10) that demands too little effort from ...
(11) unemployed
the newly employed
(12) motivate vt. 刺激
(13) zeal
(14) fundamental fairness 基本公平
(15) taxpayer n. 纳税者
protecting the taxpayer
(16) controlling spending 控制开支
(17) claimant n. 申请者
(18) receive their benefits
3.
(1) losing a job
(2) skip down 蹦蹦跳跳
(3) the jobcentre
(4) delighted at 因，，而高兴
(5) prospect
the prospect of
(6) doubling your income
(7) generous
the generous state
(8) financially
(9) psychologically
(10) embarrassing
(11) extraordinarily
(12) you are now not wanted
(13) you are now excluded from the work environment
(14) exclude from
(15) the work environment that offers purpose and structure in you life
(16) crucial adj.重要的
the crucial income to feed yourself
4.
(1) instinct
(2) fall into dependency 陷入依赖
(3) permanent
(4) indulge v. 沉溺
(5) falsehood n. 假话，谎话，错误的信仰
(6) as though
(7) tough
tougher
(8) administration system
(9) welfare
(10) the risk of unemployment
(11) unconditional payments
(12) phrase n.术语
(13) jobseeker's allowance
(14) national insurance
(15) contribution
contributions
(16) conditional
(17) no entitlement 没有权利，没有津贴
(18) no insurance 没有保障
(19) one of the least generous
the least 是little 的高级