雅思听力路标词
路标词,顾名思义,是用来指示方向的词语和表达。在雅思听力场景中,路标词起到穿针引线,贯通逻辑,衔接内容的作用。听懂听力素材的第一步,就是要能够准确get文章中的路标词,把握内容梗概。今天我们来看常见路标词及与之相关的考点。
01顺序路标词
顺序路标词,即Marker words/phrases, 有利于大家快速掌握speaker的节奏,以免跟丢题目。尤其是在流程图一类的填空题中,或是描述实验步骤的独白中,这些词尤为关键。不过与这类路标词直接相关的考点相对较少,但对于出现音调或语气转变的顺序路标词,应当多加留心。
EXAMPLES:
to start: first, first of all ,for a start, in the first place, to begin with, initially, the first step is…
to continue: second, third ,then , next, following this/that, afterwards, meanwhile, until,subsequently
to summarize: last, finally, in the end, the last step/thing is, eventually
02强调路标词
强调路标词用于对某一细节或事实做进一步理解,往往其后跟的就是考点,若对这些词不敏感,答案往往就溜走了。
EXAMPLES:
That is, That is to say, I mean, namely, in particular, specially,especially, actually, to be exact, in other words, another way of saying this, Let’s put it this way, equally
03转折路标词
转折路标词可以说是逢考必现,也就是百分之百会考到,而且不止出现一次,所以要求考生熟练掌握。所以当听到表示转折或对比的词或短语时,考生一定要集中注意力,因为此时speaker会提供新信息或完全相反的观点,也就是考点所在。
EXAMPLES: 强转折: but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, yet, while, whereas
让步:Although, though, even if, in spite of, despite 对比:by/in contrast, by comparison, as a matter of fact, instead, otherwise, rather than, instead of
04列举路标词
列举路标词是细节描述*常见的信号词,表示对同类事物的列举或上文的补充。这类词后面通常是细节类的内容,比如例子等。若未听清其前面的内容,也可根据这些路标词推断前文,灵活对待。 EXAMPLES:直接列举:for instance, for example, such as, like, likewise, similarly 补充列举:in addition to, one more thing, what’s more , furthermore, besides, also, too, as well as, along with, moreover, together with, not only…but also
05因果路标词
因果关系是雅思听力答案中的 考点所在。需要注意的是因果关系的句子很容易进行句式的改换,即原文和题干中因果位置的互换。大家需要认真审题,灵活应对。
EXAMPLES:
其后跟“因”的信号词: for, since, for the reason that, because, thanks to, owing to, due to, as a result of, originate from, result from其后跟“果”的信号词: as a result, therefore, so, consequently, thus, lead to, result in, trigger, account for, give rise to, bring about, breed
06总结路标词
在Speaker即将结束对话或独白时,往往会提到这类总结路标词。虽然位于*后,也是一个不容忽视的考点。 EXAMPLES:in short , finally, therefore ,overall ,in summary, thus, on the whole, in brief, to conclude, to sum up, in a nut
shell, consequently ,to sum up ,to summarize ,in conclusion NB:除了熟练掌握雅思听力路标词以外,大家在听力备考过程中,还应该注意揣摩对话或独白中说话人的语音语调变化。答案词通常会重读,另外疑问语气,音调变化也通常跟题目答案有很大关系。
以上就是雅思听力常见路标词的分享。我们下一讲雅思听力常考同义词继续。