大作文（Part B） 材料类型
均为图表作文， 共四大类型：
table (表格)line graph (曲线图)bar chart/column graph (条形图／柱形图)pie chart (饼图)
框架-内容
1．描述图表： Describe?the?chart
2．分析论证（原因）： Interpret?the?information?1.? ?2.→?interpret?the?chart3．?给出评论：Give?your?comments
框架-常用表达 (排列组合大法)
1. 描述图表：
The statistical chart/bar chart represents a comprehensive analysis of …
The column chart above clearly conveys/ demonstrates/reveals/reflects …
2. 引出原因：
It’s not difficult for us to come up with some possible reasons accounting for ...
Several primary factors could contribute to …
原因列举：
First and foremost, … In addition, … Most importantly, …
To begin with, … What’s more …
3. 表达自己的观点：
In my opinion/view, …
As far as I am concerned, …
From my personal perspective, …
给出建议：
We should realize the importance of…
We should keep a watching eye on /bear in mind…
Taking into account all of these factors, we have reached the realization that...
做出总结：
From what has been discussed above, we may arrive at/draw the conclusion that…
We can conclude/come to the conclusion that…
In summary/ All in all/ To sum up, …
核心套路句型的升级&词汇和短语的超级转换
写作金句：
It is obvious/evident/apparent that…显然……
It is possible/likely that…可能……
It is undeniable that…不可否认的是……
It is crucial that…重要的是……
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is reported that…据报道……
It is widely/generally/commonly acknowledged/thought/considered that…人们普遍认为……
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is an essential fact that… 事实证明……
特殊句式：
强调句
It is… that…
It is persistent work that is conducive to future success.
倒装
Only when… can sb....
Only by doing… can sb....
Only in this way can sb….
Only when we guard ourselves with this awareness can we tackleall the obstacles in life in a better way.
虚拟语气
It is high time that…
It is high time that we should take immediate measures to ratify this.
3.2 词汇和短语的超级转换
表示“增长， 提高， 上升” 的词和短语：
grow , rise, raise, increase, climb, ascend, go up, boost, surge, soar, swell, continue its upward trend, on the rise/ increase
例： The population of the city has gone up/increased/grown/risen/ ascended to five million.
Freshmen picking up part-time jobs are the lowest in the data set at 67.77%, while seniors hold the highest position surging/soaring /swelling to 88.24%.
Based upon the data of the chart, one can see that the percentage of … has continued its upward trend/ been on the rise (increase/ ascended).
表示“下降， 减少” 的词和短语：
fall, drop, decline, descend, collapse, decrease, decline, shrink, go down, reduce, slump, continue its downward trend, on the decline
例 ：
The number of tourists who went to the resort has fell/dropped/ declined/decreased/ descended by 10% last year.
The house prices in first-tier cities are expected to go down/ shrink/ slump/ fall/drop/ collapse/ decline in the future.
Based upon the data of the chart, one can see that the percentage of … has continued its downward trend/ been on the decline (decrease).
表示“增长或下降速度快慢” 的词和短语：
剧烈（显著）： dramatically, sharply, rapidly, suddenly, significantly, incredibly, hugely, at an alarming rate, in big leaps
例： As is shown in the chart, the number of … grows dramatically/ sharply/ rapidly/suddenly/ significantly/ incredibly/ hugely/ at an alarming rate/ in big leaps from… to ….
缓慢（逐渐）： gradually, steadily, slightly, gently, slowly, moderately, in a moderate way, by the least amount
例： The line graph clearly illustrates that the number of museums in this city increases gradually/ steadily/ slightly/ gently/ slowly/ moderately/ in a moderate way/ by the least amount.
保持平稳（不变）： remain stable/ steady/ unchanged
表示“到达（……数量） ” 的词和短语：
reach, arrive at, stand at
例： The number of employees in the company reaches/ arrives at/ stands at 5,000.
表示“(由……)组成”的词和短语：
consist of, be made up of, be composed of
例： The pie chart consists of/ is made up of/ is composed of five parts.
表示“占……比例”的词和短语：
account for, take up, make up, occupy
例： Food consumption and transportation combine to equal 40%, with each taking up half of the percentage.
New year gifts occupy the largest part of the spending—as much as 40%.
The proportion of the unemployed accounts for 15% of the total.
表示“对比” 的词和短语：
while, whereas, in comparison, by contrast, in contrast with
表示“分别， 各自”的词 :
respectively
例： The number of boys and girls in my class is 20 and 30 respectively.
33% of the students want to ease their stress. By contrast, the percentage of the students traveling for other reasons, making friends and cultivating independence, make up 15%, 9% and 6% respectively.
表示“类比” 的词：
similarly, likewise
例： Similarly/Likewise, the population of the United States showed an upward trend during the period.
表示“大约”的词：
about, roughly, around, approximately
例 ： The spending on New Year presents is highest among all four categories, at about/roughly/around/approximately 40%.?
对图表进行总体描述：
According to the chart, …
As is shown/ presented in the chart, …
What is shown in the column chart indicates that …
The column chart above clearly conveys/ demonstrates/ reveals/ reflects …
From the information given in the above chart, we can see …
有关“增长” 的描述：
There has been a steady increase from … to …
Based on the data of the chart, we can see that … has been on a rise.
Based upon the data given above, we can see the number of … has risen dramatically from … to …


第一段：描述图表
对图表进行总体描述：
According to the chart, …
As is shown/ presented in the chart, …
What is shown in the column chart indicates that …
The column chart above clearly conveys/ demonstrates/ reveals/ reflects …（推荐句型）
From the information given in the above chart, we can see …
有关“增长” 的描述：
There has been a steady increase from … to …
Based on the data of the chart, we can see that … has been on the rise.
Based upon the data given above, we can see the number of … has risen dramatically from … to …
有关“增长， 提高， 上升” 的表达：
surge, grow , rise, raise, increase, go up, climb, ascend, boost, soar, swell, continue
its upward trend, on the rise/ increase/ ascendance
有关“下降， 减少” 的表达：
fall, drop, decline, descend, collapse, decrease, decline, shrink, go down, reduce, slump, continue its downward trend, on the decline/ decrease
第二段：论证原因
——罗氏四大维度
Physical
Social
Intellectual
Spiritual
引出原因：
1. Several primary factors could contribute to …
2. The fundamental factors that contribute to … may be summarized as follows. 推荐句型
3. Obviously, a variety of complicated factors contribute to the phenomenon, with the following ones being the foremost.
4. There are a couple of possible reasons for …
5. It’s not difficult for us to come up with some possible reasons accounting for ... 推荐句型
原因列举：
1. First of all/ Firstly, … Secondly, … Thirdly, … Last but not least, …
2. First and foremost, … In addition, … Most importantly, …
3. In the first place, … In the second place, …
4. To begin with, … What’s more …
5. On the one hand, … On the other hand, …
有关“适应” 的表达： adapt to , adjust to, acclimate to, accommodate to
有关“获得” 的表达： acquire, gain, get, attain, obtain
有关“缓解” 的表达： ease, relieve, alleviate, lessen, mitigate, release
第三段：归纳总结，给出评论
1. 重点句型：
Nobody can deny the fact that …
=There is no denying/ doubt that …
=It is undoubted/ undeniable that …
拓展： Impressive as the numbers are, we cannot deny that the trend reflected in the chart is irreversible.
2. 有关“倾向于” 的 表达：
be prone to, tend to, be inclined to, be apt to