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GMAT阅读考试的基本常识,希望对大家GMAT备考有所帮助。
一、阅读
gmat阅读考试一般包含4篇文章,2长2短。
二、gmat阅读要求
速度:长文章(6.5-7分钟) 短文章(4.5-5分钟) 总计约23分钟 理解文章程度: 单词:gmat高频词汇熟练掌握,抽象词汇 专有词汇大致掌握 句子:抓主干,了解句子功能关系,理解句义 段落:逻辑关系,把握论点和论据 文章:把握文章主旨大意及逻辑层次
三、gmat阅读文章类型
A、科技类文章(Science Passages)例如DNA、基因、厄尔尼诺、温室效应、大气污染、开采能源等。以下就是几篇典型的gmat科技类文章的片断: “Caffeine, the stimulant in coffee, has been called "the most widely used psychoactive substance on Earth …….For many years, caffeine"s effects have been attributed to its inhibition of the production of phosphodiesterase”, “Nearly a century ago, biologists found that if they separated an invertebrate animal embryo into two parts at an early stage of its life…….”, “ Protein synthesis begins when the gene encoding a protein is activated…………” 此类文章内容枯燥无味,加上通篇“游荡”着的几个超长的自然科学类的英文单词,往往令学生十分头疼。由于此类文章难度较大,所以题目一般比较简单,基本都是“直接事实题”(这将在以后的“gmat阅读题型分析”中讲到),极少出现“信息题”或其它高难题型。
B、社会科学类文章(Social science passages)此类文章可能涉及历史,政治或宏观经济等社会科学领域的话题,包括美国历史、弱势群体(少数民族、黑人、女性)以及法律(法律史)等等,在gmat考试中所占比例较大。如:“Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities……….”, “In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent to the Black population of the United States left the South……”,“Historians of women"s labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of female service workers-women earning wages in occupations………”。相对于上述自然科学类文章,这类文章对学生的理解能力并未造成太大挑战,但其阅读题目的难度却不容小觑。
C、商业类 (Business passages) 此类的gmat 文章数量众多,而且涉及范围也十分广泛,比如市场营销,存货处理,以及日常管理等等。例如:“Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable……”,“Traditionally, the first firm to commercialize a new technology has benefited from the unique opportunity to shape product definitions, forcing followers to adapt to a standard or invest in an unproven alternative….”由于此类文章行文较简单,所以题目一般会比较难,会有高难的“信息题”出现,考生在对原文进行一般理解的基础上,应尽力 “听”出其“弦外之音”。
四、gmat阅读题型
1. Inference推理判断题
常见考点:The author of the passage mentions which of the following? /The passage suggests/implies that?/It can be inferred from the passage that? 解题策略:“Infer”和“suggest”,以及“assumption”的题无法从原文找答案,答案隐含在细节中。gmat备考生要特别要注意表示时间的词,具有提示信息的作用,也可能表示一个变化过程。推断题选项中如果出现超出原文范围的比较,该选项错误。推断题有时要和上下文建立联系,不要局限在信息所在段落寻找答案。
2. Application类比应用题
常见考点:下:…is most similar to which of the following? The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about? 解题策略:类比题要注意概念范围的界定。注意其中的条件。
3. Main idea主旨大意题
常见考点:The main/primary/of the passage is to…或者是The passage is primarily concerned with which of the following ?解题策略:从一开始就练习对文章全局的把控能力。这类考题与前面所提的文章结构相对应,实际上很多习题题型的正确选项是topic sentence的改写。
4. Supporting ideas细节信息题
常见考点:According to the passage…或者which of the following is mentioned in the passage解题策略:考生在解答细节信息类的gmat阅读题时,一定要对文章内容十分了解,然后根据其对应的解题技巧进行有效作答。
5. Logical Structure逻辑结构题
,即逻辑与阅读的结合体。 常见考点:which of the following best describes the relation of the …?或者The…paragraph performs which of the following functions in the passage解题策略:对“文章的首段,后面一段,各段的首句”一定要有充分的理解,把握核心词,与文章的TS对应,确定好的答案。
6. Evaluation评价题
常见考点:The author describes/mentions/uses …primarily in order to? 或者The primary purpose of the third paragraph is to?解题策略:问题主要针对某句或某段的目的或作用,和主旨题类似,针对一种状况进行评判,和推理题目有相似之处,也需要立足于原文,不要盲目猜测,另外就是善于通过根据作者的态度来做出正确选择。
7. The Style and The Tone风格语调题
常见考点:The tone of the passage suggest that? 解题策略:要从整体上把握文章表达的话题,语调,判断作者的态度,观点。有时作者态度复杂,正负都有,以一种为主,与文章结构有十分紧密的关系,考生理清结构再作答会更加轻松。
以上就为大家整理的“GMAT阅读考试的基本常识”,希望对大家有所帮助。