搞定语法，攻克写作！刷了很多题目还是没有什么用;背了很多单词托福阅读还是看不懂,写作写了很多篇，还是频频出错;归根结底，这些问题的根本原因是语法不扎实。大家都知道托福语法是一门语言的垫脚石.那么今天小编就来总结一些.
托福阅读中影响对长难句理解的几大语法现象，童鞋们学会了在写作中运用都可以大放异彩哦！在托福阅读长难句中,影响我们理解的是没有标点符号的情况，那么这里小编就总结一些跟在名词后面做形容词用法修饰该名词的用法，行话称为后置定语，
分为以下情况：
1.形容词后置
Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks.
这句话断句应该为
Spores/ light enough to float on the breezes/ were carried thousands of miles/ from more ancient lands /and deposited at random /across the bare mountain flanks.
本句话中light为形容词“轻的”的意思，spores为名词“孢子”，light引导的短语后置修饰前面的名词。因此此句意为“能在微风中漂浮的足够轻的孢子从更古老的地方被带到千英里外的地方，随机地沉积在光秃秃的山侧”。
2.过去分词后置
Shortly after 1400, shipbuilders began developing a new type of vessel properly designed to operate in rough, open water: the caravel.这句话前面部分理解下来很通顺，可是出现了properly designed之后就有点迷糊了。那么在这里designed为过去分词修饰前面的vessel“船”。因此这句话译为“1400年之后不久，造船工人开始开发一种新型的船，这种船设计合理，可以在粗糙开阔的水面上航行。”
3.现在分词后置
Their migration may have been set in motion by an increase in population caused by a movement of peoples fleeing the desiccation, or drying up, of the Sahara.
这句话应该断句为
Their migration may have been set in motion by an increase in population /caused by a movement of people/ fleeing the desiccation, or drying up, of the Sahara.
在这句话中caused为过去分词，fleeing为现在分词，分别修饰前面的population和people。
因此本句话译为“他们的迁移可能是由人口增加导致的，人口的增加是由那些为了逃离干旱地区或撒哈拉沙漠的人们的移动造成的。”

4.介词结构后置
A country as vast as China with so long lasting a civilization has a complex social and visual history, within which pottery and porcelain play a major role.
这句话断句应该断为
A country /as vast as China /with so long lasting a civilization /has a complex social and visual history/, within which pottery and porcelain play a major role.
在本句话中as…as和with引导的介词短语是为了修饰前面的名词。因此这句话译为“一个像这样幅员辽阔，历史悠久的国家有着复杂的社会和视觉历史，其中陶瓷起着至关重要的作用。”