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社会结构： 某市常驻人口变化：Change of resident population in a certain city
人口老龄化（the trend of population）
消费升级： 某校大学生消费习惯：the consuming habit of college students in a certain university
健身房的数量和健身时间：the number of gyms and the average daily fitness time
某市消费者房屋装修关注因素：the factors of consumers decorating the houses in a certain city
电子书与纸质书读量变化：the changes of reader’s number of electronic and paper books
出行方式：the means of transportation
第三方支付方式：the payment of third-party
个人发展： 出国留学人数：the number of students studying abroad
高校在线教育/课程注册数量：online education/course subscriptions of colleges
跳槽人数：the number of job-hopping
例文解析：
Emerging from the pie chart given above are the proportions of the consuming habit of college students in a certain university in 2019.To be specific, online shopping took a lion’s share, accounting for approximately 39%. Meanwhile, traveling ranked second, making up roughly 23%. While education, physical store consumption and others factors occupied 22%, 10%, and 6% respectively. What triggers this phenomenon? Maybe at least two reasons can be identified to contribute to this matter. But the most important is that along with the development of economy, people’s living standards have been improved remarkably, as a consequence of which, an increasing amount of individuals focus on/ pay more attention to online shopping. Meanwhile, there is another essential factor that after resolving the issue of food and clothing, people’s conception has transformed dramatically, to the extent that they increasingly pursue spiritual consumption, which should be also taken into account. Based on what has been discussed above, we can safely come to a conclusion that this trend will continue in the following years. College students tend to spend more time on e-commerce and pay more on spirit consumption.
参考翻译：
从上面的饼形图中可以看出，某所大学学生的消费习惯所占的比例。 具体而言，在线购物占大份额，约占39％。 同时，旅行居第二位，约占23％。 而教育，实体商店消费和其他因素分别占22％，10％和6％。 是什么引发了这种现象呢？也许至少可以找到两个原因来解释。但重要的是，随着经济的发展，人们的生活水平得到了显着改善，结果，越来越多的人关注在线购物。同时，还有一个重要因素，在解决温饱问题之后，人们的观念发生了巨大变化，以致人们越来越追求精神消费，这一点也应予以考虑。 根据上面讨论的内容，我们可以得出结论，这一趋势将在接下来的几年中持续下去。大学生往往花费更多的时间在网上购物和精神消费。
例文解析：
Emerging from the bar-chart above are the significant changes of the number of gyms and the average daily fitness time from 2010 to 2019. To be specific, the past ten years witnessed the rapid increase of the number of gyms from5,500 in 2010 to 12,500 in 2019. While the average daily fitness time has kept steady in the first five years, and then increased in a gradual rate from 3,500 in 2014 to 6,250 in 2019. From where I stand, many factors can be found to account for the marked phenomenon, among which I would like to name three most important ones as follows.（我认为，有很多因素可以解释这个显著的现象，我从中选取三个重要的方面，如下所示。）To begin with, just as Karl Marx once put it, “the economic basis determines the superstructure”. we may reasonably say that it after resolving the issue of food and clothing, people’s conception has transformed dramatically, to the extent that they increasingly pursue well-being consumption, which should be also taken into account. What's more, the local authorities launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign. Last but not least, with the increasing competition of job market, people face much more tremendous life and study pressure/stress and keeping fit is considered as one of the most effective ways of relieving pressure. From the discussions above, we can conclude that in the near future, the trend of increasing numbers in gyms will continue for a long time, and the average time we spend on daily fitness will also rise in the following years.
参考翻译：
从上面的图表中可以看到，自2010年至2019年，健身房的数量和平均每日健身时长都发生了显着变化。具体而言，过去十年见证了健身房数量的快速增长，从2010年的5,500家增加到2019年12,500家。尽管平均每日健身时间在前五年保持稳定，然后逐渐从2014年的3500增加到2019年的6250。 我认为，有很多因素可以解释这个显著的现象，我从中选取三个重要的方面，如下所示。首先，正如马克思所说的那样，“经济基础决定了上层建筑”。我们可以合理地说，在解决温饱问题之后，人们的观念发生了巨大变化，以致人们越来越追求幸福消费，这一点也应予以考虑。而且，当地推行全民健身运动。后，随着就业市场竞争的加剧，人们面临着更大的生活和学习压力，健身被认为是缓解压力的有效方法之一。 从上面的讨论中我们可以得出结论，在不久的将来，健身房数量不断增加的趋势将持续下去，并且在接下来的几年中，我们用于日常健身的平均时间也会增加。

Directions: Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should 1) Interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)
Emerging from the table given above is the trend of the population aging in China. To be specific, in 2010, the population aged 60 and over was 178 million, accounting for 13.26% of the entire population. While, in 2050, it is expected to be 440 million(34%), which means that one out of every three is older than 60. From the table we can conclude that China is and will continue to be an aging society. What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Reasons can be listed as follows: for one thing, the authorities have issued some preferential policies to improve senile security’s system, which enables the elders to lead a comfortable life. Moreover, with the improvement of living standard, elderly people in mounting numbers are placing a high value on health care, thus people can live longer than ever before. The aging of the population is a result of social progress and economic development. However, This phenomenon will bring about undesirable consequences in the future.Thus, the problem of how to deal with it should be on the agenda.
参考翻译：
从上表可以看出，人口老龄化趋势。具体而言，2010年60岁及以上人口为1.78亿，占总人口的13.26％。虽然预计到2050年将达到4.4亿（34％），这意味着三分之二的年龄超过60岁。从表中我们可以得出结论，进入老龄化社会。 是什么导致了这种现象？原因可以列举如下：一方面，推行一些优惠政策，以改善老年保障体系，使老年人能够过上舒适的生活。此外，随着生活水平的提高，越来越多的老年人越来越医疗保健，因此人们的寿命可以比以往更长。 人口老龄化是社会进步和经济发展的结果。但是，这种现象将来会带来不良后果。因此，如何处理它的问题应该放在议程上。