下面是小编为大家整理的
英语四六级的相关知识,希望可以为大家带来帮助,一起来学习一下吧。预祝大家考试顺利,生活愉快,天天开心。你以为生活的担子是勇气,其实去过自己真正想要的生活才更需要勇气。
1. 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正 确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one
答案:
例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
2.非性定语从句
1) 定语从句有性和非性两种。定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如: This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(性) The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非性)
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非性的,例如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3) 非性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如: He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。 说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非性定语从句。