今天小编盘点了近几年考研英语的常用知识点，希望对大家的英语写作、阅读水平有所帮助。预祝大家考试顺利！
Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. Standardized tests provide a quick objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned，the skills he has developed，or the kind of person he is.
任何/所有仔细记分数的人都知道，所得到的信息总是不完全的，而且这些预测也总是会有错误的。标准化测试提供了快速、客观地得到某些信息的方法，这些信息是有关一个人所学到的知识、他所获得的技能，或者他是属于哪一类型的人。
· 长难句 ·
The information so obtained has，qualitatively，the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests，other kinds of information，or both in a particular situation depends，therefore，upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.
· 词的处理 ·
obtain vt. 获得
qualitatively adv. 定性地；从品质上讲
shortcomings n. 缺点；短处
advantage n. 优势；利益；有利条件
depend on / upon 依赖，依靠，取决于
evidence 证据，证明
experience n. 经验；经历；体验
concerning prep. 关于；就…而言
comparative adj. 比较的；相当的
validity n. [计] 有效性；效度；正确性
availability n. 可用性；有效性；实用性
· 句子翻译分析 ·
The information so obtained has，qualitatively，the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests，other kinds of information，or both in a particular situation depends，therefore，upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.
这样得到的信息，从性质上讲，与其它种类的信息一样具有优点或缺点。因此，在某一特定情况下，究竟是采用测试还是其他种类的信息，或是两者兼用，取决于有关相对效度的经验方面的证据，也取决于诸如费用和有无来源等因素。

①首句主干= the information/ has /the same advantages and shortcomings. 修饰成分：so obtained 为非谓语动词（v-ed）修饰the information; the same … as other kinds of information 为advantages and shortcomings 的修饰成分。qualitatively 为副词，做插入语，修饰整句话。
②二句主干=主谓宾=whether to use A, B or C depends upon the evidence and upon factors； A = tests; B= other kinds of information; C=both. 修饰成分：in a particular situation 修饰use …；therefore 为句子主干的插入语，一般汉语译为“因此”放在句首；the evidence /from experience /concerning comparative validity为层层修饰关系；其中from experience修饰the evidence; concerning comparative validity 修饰experience。译为：有关相对效度的经验方面的证据=来自相对效度的经验方面的证据。
③such factors as cost and availability 核心词为factors; such factors as cost and availability译为：诸如费用和来源有无等因素。availability 本义为可用性，结合语境译为“是否可用、有无来源”均可。