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GMAT语法考试之SC真的只是改错吗

学习经验 GMAT

2019年12月05日 19:40:53
GMAT语法,SC真的只是改错?那么为了解答各位GMAT同学的疑问,下面一起跟着小编来看看一道题,In 1979 lack of rain reduced India's rice production to about 41 million tons, nearly;25 percent less than those of the 1978 harvest
(A)less than those of the 1978 harvest
(B)less than the 1978 harvest
(C)less than 1978
(D)fewer than 1978
(E)fewer than that of India’s 1978 harvest
现在请仔细来看一下这道题。5个选项中容易的选到是A;那么在整个题目中,Harvest的普遍理解是收获。但是放在不同的语义里,它同时还有表示 产量的意思。另外我们来看一下to about 41 million tons 这个词句,在题目中 它的补充是用来修饰production的。
所以这样看来 Rice production和Harvest在词义上的比较完全对等。再返回看到A选项上来, 选项中的 those 指代则是 题目中的 tons; 而吨作为一个计量单位来看的话,进行对比没有太多含义。直接用产量进行对比的话,会更加简单明了。
GMAT 语法里面的比较结构来看一下需要了解的几大原则。
(1) 替代原则: 比较从句中与比较对象重复的名词可以用that或those代替。具体地说, 在前面已出现的不可数名词或单数名词,用that代替;在前面已出现的复数名词用those代替,但是!注意累赘,以及指代不明的情况。(如上题)
(2) 种属原则:当一个事物与它所属的种类比较时,必须用any other把它自身排除在从属(如下题)
Ranked as one of the most important of Europe’s young play rights,Franz Xaver
Kroetz has written 40plays;his works—translate din to more than 30
languages—are produced more often than any contemporary German
dramatist.
(A)than any
(B)than any other
(C)than are any
(D)than those of any other
(E)as are those of any
在这一题中,translate din to more than 30 languages—这部分是句子插入语,句子主干his works are produced more often than those of any other contemporary German dramatist. “those”则指代“works”,“than those of any other contemporary German dramatist”和“his works”是“more……than……”引导的比较句式中平行可比的两部分。
补齐省略部分,这个比较结构为“his works are produced more often than those (类指‘works’) of any other contemporary German dramatist(are produced)”。添加“other”是必要的,因为“Franz Xaver Kroetz”也属于“contemporary German dramatist”,他的作品只能和“其他”当代德国剧作家的作品比较。
看完用实例给大家深入解析了一下两大原则的用法,相信大家在练题中也能够实际运用。那么下面接下来申友Sofia老师继续跟各位GMAT同学说说在练习SC题目时,还有哪些是我们需要注意的。
(3) 比较从句连系动词be与主句连系动词be相同,可以省略be,也可以不省略。
例:The is sue Discussed is more complicated than another one(is)
(4) 比较从句与主句时态一致,即两比较对象的动作发生的时间相同或同一事物的不同动作发生的时间相同。
例如:I eat more than he does. Contrary to the general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped.
(5) 比较从句与主句时态不一致,即两比较对象的动作时相同的,但其发生的时间却不一致,或同一事物的相同动作发生的时间不同,than或as从句中补出的助动词的时态由时间状语和句子意思决定。
例如:I eat more food than he did last year.
(6)倍数的表达
1.twice as many...as; twice as much...as; twice the n.; twice what 从句
2.用动词表达数double ,triple, quadruple, quintuple,可用主动语态,也可以用被动语态,但不能和as搭配
3. times(或数字) as 形容词或副词 as...
4. sb. be 百分数 more likely to do sth. than(to)do sth
(7)比较结构中的习惯用法:
1.more because...than because...更多地因为...,而不是因为...
2.not...so much A as B与其说A倒不如说B
3.B no less...than A,B与A一样...;no less than多达,正如
4.B no more...than A,B与A同样不...;no more than多,不超过
5.在“verb more/less of n.”结构中,more/less of修饰前面的动词。例如:I will see less of you in the future.
6. like n. 表比较,强调同一类事物在某方面具有相似性;
as 句子表比较,as从句强调动作的相似性。
7.标准书面语中,like后只加名词表比较,不能加句子
(8)习惯用法:model A after B用B来塑造A
(9)习惯用法:in contrast with/to;而as contrast with错
(10)It is as difficult to prevent crimes agains oproperty as it is to prevent those against a person.其中it是形式主语,指代后面的不定式短语to prevent...,该短语应与第二个as后的对应部分比较。变换句子容易看出To prevent crimes against property is as difficult as to prevent...

(11)习惯用法:like/unlike n.放在句子中部或尾部不符合习惯用法,一般置于句首;as n不表示比较
例如:
According to are recent poll, owing and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults ,like that of earlier generations错;
as that for earlier generations 错 ;
as it was for earlier generations对
(12)主句谓语动词短语使用“助动词(如have, has, has, will)或情态动词(can could, may, should) verb”形式时,比较从句往往省略verb,保留助动词或情态动词。
例如:Comet A passed the same position as Halley’s comet will(do),其中do必须省略
(13)简洁用法:similar to the way表示动作的相似性,表达不够简洁,应该用just as/as 句子替换

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