2018年考研英语(一)阅读真题，在备考中，英语真题不能落下，每天都得做一遍真题，巩固自己的知识。
1)Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.
2)DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements---and there may be many---between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned．There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms. Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.
3)The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.
4)The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms. Denham's report is a welcome start.
31. What is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind?
[A] It caused conflicts among tech giants.
[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient's rights.
[C] It fell short of the latter's expectations
[D] It put both sides into a dangerous situation.
选项[B]正确。
由题干中的关键词agreement和the NHS and DeepMind定位到首段。定位段后一句提到,信息专员伊丽莎白·德纳姆对英国国民医疗服务体系下的皇家自由医院信托基金发表了谴责意见。该基金根据一项几乎完全不考虑患者权利和他们对隐私的期望的模糊协议，于2015年向深度思考公司递交了160 万名患者的档案。简而言之,这个协议几乎没有考虑患者权利和他们对隐私的期望。选项[B]“它没有对病人的权利给予充分的对应原文。
32. The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with .
[A] empty promises.
[B] tough resistance.
[C] necessary adjustments.
[D] sincere apologies.
选项[C]正确。
由题干中的关键词The NHS trust 及题文同序原则定位到第二段第二句。定位句提到,英国国民医疗服务体系信托基金已改正了不良行为。第三句进一步解释了该基金如何做的:其他协议将会被仔细，以确保向患者征求了所有必要的许可，以及清理了所有不必要的数据。选项[C]中的adjustments对应定位句中的 mended its ways,因此本题正确答案为[C]。
33. The author argues in Paragraph 2 that .
[A] privacy protection must be secured at all costs.
[B] leaking patients' data is worse than selling it.
[C] making profits from patients' data is illegal.
[D] the value of data comes from the processing of it
选项[D]正确。
由题干中的Paragraph2定位到第二段。第二段后一句指出，是处理和集合，而不是单纯的拥有，才赋予了这些数据价值。也就是说，数据的价值来源于对它的处理和集合。选项[D]the value of data comes from the processing of it是对原文中it is processing. . . that gives the data value的同义转述，故本题正确答案为[D]。

34. According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is.
[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.
[B] the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.
[C] the uncontrolled use of new software.
[D] the monopoly of big data by tech giants.
选项[D]正确。
由题干中的关健词the last paragraph和real worry定位到后一段第句。定位句提到，这种做法并没有解决真正的担心。接着解释了什么才是真正的担心:这些计算程序将属于私人垄断企业，这些企业利用公共资源研发这些计算程序。本段倒数第二句也提到,为了避免数字封建的未来,需要进行长期的斗争。由此可以推断，这笔交易引发的真正担忧是大数据可能会被科技巨头垄断,故本题正确等案为[D]。
35.The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is .
[A] ambiguous.
[B] cautious.
[C] appreciative.
[D] contemptuous.
选项[B]正确。
本题考查作者对“人工智能应用于医疗保健"的态度,通读全文后，可定位至文章后一段。该段倒数第二、三句提到,我们仍处于这场的开始阶段，现在的小选择可能会在以后产生巨大的后果。为了避免数字封建的未来，需要进行长期的斗争。由此可知，作者认为人工智能刚刚开始，切小决策都不能随意对待,因为可能会对未来产生巨大影响。其中still"仍然"、small"小的"和gigantic巨大的”的对比体现出作者对这件事小心谨慎的态度,故本题正确答案为[B]。