考研英语中的逻辑运用之转折 ,转折关系在
考研英语的题型中,明显地体现于阅读及完形填空中,也常常成为解题的题眼。当句子中出现转折逻辑,代表前后语义相反、相对、相立。那现在我们就一起来看看如何用转折关系来解出题目吧!在2000 Passage 4这篇阅读中,出现了一道难住了当年大批考生的题目,那么这道题应该如何解呢?
Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don't know where they should go next.
63. In the Westerner's eyes, the postwar Japan was________.
[A] under aimless development
[B] a positive example
[C] a rival to the West
[D]on the decline
乍看之下,仿佛答案A很容易入选,因为大量词汇与文中的句子重合了。但如果我们仔细看的话,会发现原句表达的意思是“漫无目标很难说是战后日本的特色”,而A则是说“战后日本在漫无目标中发展”,因此不应入选。其实,很多考生当年都卡在了单词envy上,因为这个词可以表示积极意思的“羡慕”也可以表示消极意思的“嫉妒”,这个词直接决定了题的走向。这时,当无法判断走向的时候,我们可以观察一下这个关键句附近是否有逻辑关系词,很明显,在envy后不久就出现了转折词“but”,证明but前后句子意思是相反的,而but后面的句子出现了decline这一表示“下降、衰退”的词,说明情感是消极的,则可以判定but前肯定是正向的意思。那么西方对于战后日本的看法就应该是积极的,所以应该选B答案。