下面小编跟大家一起了解商务法律实用英语整理分享，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
Courts and the Language of Lawsuits
法庭和诉讼语言
The U.S. court system is organized into a system of higher courts and lower courts.
美国的系统由高等和低级组成。
A case begins in the trial court.
案件在初审开始审理。
In a civil case, the person who starts the lawsuit is called the plaintiff.
在民事案件中，提讼的人被称为原告。
In a criminal case, the person who brings the case to court is called the prosecutor.
在刑事案件中，将案件提交法庭的人被称为检察官。
In both civil and criminal cases, the person who is the target of the case is called the defendant.
在民事和刑事案件中，案件指向的对象是被告。
Thecomplaint filed by the plaintiff will describe each cause of action, which is the claim being made.
原告提交诉状，提出索赔，诉状要陈述诉讼理由。
The court can hear the case>只有对当事人双方都有管辖权，对案件的标的也有管辖权，才能审理案件。
During the trial, the court will hear what each witness has to say about what happened. The statement of each witness is his or her testimony.
在审判期间，法庭将听取每一位证人对所发生的事情的陈述。证人的陈述即为证人证言。

The court may also review documents, such as contracts, letters, or sales invoices.
还可以合同、信件或销售发票等文件。
All together, the information received by the court about the case is called the evidence.
总之，收到的关于这个案件的信息被称为证据。
After all evidence has been received, reviewed, and heard, the judge and the jury will decide what happened in the case and also decide which party will win or lose.
在收到、和听取所有证据之后，法官和陪审团可以判定案情走向，也将判定当事人的输赢。
If either party is dissatisfied with the result of the case, he or she can file an appeal with a higher court, which is known as an appellate court.
任何一方对案件的审理结果不满意，可以向更高一级的，即所谓的上诉提出上诉。
The person who files the appeal is called the appellant and the person who is responding is called the appellee.
提起上诉的人被称为上诉人，应诉的人被称为被上诉人。