雅思大作文9分攻略，前两篇文章我们讲解了利弊类型题目的构思和写作方法，这篇文章我们通过一道题目，来看一下双边讨论类题目的破解之道。
题目：
Some people think that a sense of competition in children should be encouraged. Others believe that children who are taught to co-operate rather than compete become more useful adults. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
1. Read and understand the question
这一步，审题。通过读题我们可以发现，竞争与合作是我们这篇文章所要讨论的重点，到底是应该鼓励孩子去竞争还是合作呢？同时注意题目要求 discuss both these views and give your own opinion，所以支持也好否定也罢，竞争与合作这两点，我们都需要在文章中提及。
我们在这里要写的是对竞争与合作都持肯定态度，但我们认为合作更应该被鼓励。
2. Plan your essay structure (4 paragraphs）
确定了写作方向之后，我们就可以构建文章的骨架了。既然竞争与合作我们都支持，所以在一、个主体段，我们可以先说一下为什么要支持竞争，而在第二个主体段说明为什么要支持合作，且为什么我认为合作比竞争更重要。如此，文章的骨架就搭建好了：
Introduction:
Topic — competition or co-operation?
General answer— benefits of both, co-operation more important
Body 1: Why encourage competition
Body2: Why teach co-operation (my view)
Conclusion: accept both views, co-operation better

这里需要注意的是，双边讨论类题目不同于利弊类型题。利弊类型题我们通篇都在发表自己的想法，没有来自 other people 的观点。而双边讨论类更像是一场辩论，我们需要一人分饰两角，站在双方的立场发表各自的观点，加入自己的想法或对这些观点的评价。
3. Plan ideas for the two main paragraphs
框架搭建好，就该往里面注入血肉了。我们在这里仅提供一个思路，希望大家在平时的练习中多多思考，积累一些话题相关的观点和想法。
一方面，鼓励竞争可以让孩子有动力去做的比其他孩子更好（motivation to work harder, be better than other children），由此会带来的有利影响是孩子会变得自信、独立、进步快（self confidence, independent work, faster progress），而且当他们离开学校进入竞争环境中（competitive situations when leave school e.g. job interviews），这种对竞争意识的培养会帮助到他们，会让他们为成年生活提早做好准备（prepared for adult life）。
但另一方面，合作是比竞争更加重要的（co-operation even more important），因为在很多场合，比如工作场合，需要我们从团队的角度出发去做事，去服从老板的指令，去帮助新人员工（e.g. at work (teams, follow boss’s instructions, help junior staff)），团队间的合作比单打独斗的胜出更加有益（collaboration more useful than winning）。所以在学校里，老师就应该向学生灌输这种更好的观点（better attitude for young people），团队合作比个人输赢更重要。
骨架与血肉相融，一篇文章就完成了：
People have different views about whether children should be taught to be competitive or co-operative. While a spirit of competition can sometimes be useful in life, I believe that the ability to co-operate is more important.
On the one hand, competition can be a great source of motivation for children. When teachers use games or prizes to introduce an element of competitiveness into lessons, it can encourage children to work harder to outdo the other pupils in the class. This kind of healthy rivalry may help to build children’s self confidence, while pushing them to work independently and progress more quickly. When these children leave school, their confidence and determination will help them in competitive situations such as job interviews. It can therefore be argued that competition should be encouraged in order to prepare children for adult life.
On the other hand, it is perhaps even more important to prepare children for the many aspects of adult life that require co-operation. In the workplace, adults are expected to work in teams, follow instructions given by their superiors, or supervise and support the more junior members of staff. Team collaboration skills are much more useful than a competitive determination to win. This is the attitude that I believe schools should foster in young people. Instead of promoting the idea that people are either winners or losers, teachers could show children that they gain more from working together.
In conclusion, I can understand why people might want to encourage competitiveness in children, but it seems to me that a co-operative attitude is much more desirable in adult life.