今天我们针对具体的段落，来讨论一下开头和结尾段的几种写法。我们既然要写开头段，首先要明确开头段的目的，一般来说，开头段我们需要达到这个目标：
A. 引入主题：把题目中谈论的核心话题引入到我们的文章中；
注意：照抄原题不算字数，也会反映出考生有限的词汇资源；
应对策略：同义改写。
方法：1.开门见山，直接入题 2.转折对比入题
方法1：开门见山，直接入题
例1：Many people consider the death penalty to be appropriate punishment in certain cases whilst others think that there is never a reason for it to be used. Do you agree or disagree?
Sample Answer:
The issue of death penalty is an emotional one, with many people taking the attitude that it needs to be used both often and swiftly to deter crime. Others believe that in a so-called "civilized" society, the death penalty is little more than barbarism.
直接入题常用句型总结：
①The issue of... is a/an controversial/sensitive/emotional one.
②The problem/question of... is not a new one.
③It is a hot-debated issue...
④It is quite common these days...
⑤There is much discussion these days about...
⑥There has long been a debate about...
例2：People receive a lot of information from news reports presented by journalists. However, some people claim that we cannot believe the news that we are presented with. What is your opinion on the issue? In addition, what qualities do you think journalists should have?
Sample Answer:
Living in an information age, we are all too often overloaded with various news in the newspapers, on television and over the radio. But a large proportion of them prove to be forged or fabricated, such as the South China tiger scandal in 2007. So how much can we trust the news we are presented with? And what qualities should the journalists have?
例3：The overuse of modern technologies in recreational activities makes human beings less creative. Do you agree or disagree?
Sample Answer:
In recent years, there has been a debate about whether the use of modem technology increases or decreases people's creativity. I believe modem technology has generally allowed people to become more creative.

方法2：转折对比入题
例1：A report indicates that nowadays children are becoming more and more lazy, fat and unsociable. Discuss the reasons for this and give some proposals.
Sample Answer:
The social and economic development should have resulted in a happier and healthier life for children. However, recently increasingly more parents are concerning their children have become lazy, fat and unsociable.
表虚拟语气的句型：
2 ... should have... However, ...
2 If..., should have...