如果你雅思作文这样写句子，考官会看不懂·语言使用的逻辑 英语写作邵教授看正文之前，先回到一个很原始的问题：“我的作文写得不错，为什么分数不高？考鸭判断这个“不错”的标准，常常就是语确，这个英语句子满足英语语法。事实上，这句英文满足的是你对你在学的英语语法的理解。
这里边涉及两个问题：
1. 你在学的英语语法，部分仅适用于（中高考和考研等，因为给你改卷的是人）；
2. 你有可能理解错了你在学的英语语法，即使它适用于英语国家。
本文将揭晓区别于“句式正确，词性正确”的另一个维度。
下文将用4个雅思写作考题，通过四篇学生作文中的错误，讲解语言使用的逻辑错误。
(1)
2019年5月4日考题The increasing use of technology in the workplace has made it easier for young people to get jobs and harder for older people. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
学生作文选句：Many youngsters seem that they have better chances to find jobs than older people.
首先，你应该发现seems that的主语都是it.
图中一个例句：
It seems that a lot of tragic events similar to this have been occurring lately.
事实上，句中it指代的是后面that引导的（主语）从句。
句中seem的解释：To appear to be probable or evident
换句话说，上句可以理解为：
Thata lot of tragic events similar to this have been occurring latelyappears to be probable or evident.
错句中的主语youngsters无法指代后面的从句，所以，它属于原本正确的英语句式，而且它不符合正确句式的用语逻辑。
这就是语言使用的逻辑错误，（区别于作文思路上的逻辑错误）。
错句应该改成：
Itseemsthat many youngstershave better chances to find jobs than older people.
(2)
2014年3月1日考题 Living in big cities can be bad for people’s health. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
学生作文选句：For many people who live in big cities, they are used to staying up late at night.
句中for的正确用法，见例句：
For those who have served and sacrificed, we need to do better in every respect.
for 的宾语(those who ...)，和主句的主语(need)，是不同的。
错句中for的宾语(many people who live in big cities)和主句的主语(they)，是相同的。
这就是语言使用的逻辑错误。
错句应该改成：
Many people who live in big citiesare used to staying up late at night.
(3)
2018年10月11日考题 Some people think that it is too difficult for poor people or people from rural areas to go to university. So universities should make it easy especially to them. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
学生作文选句1：Poor students may have concerns to continue education.
图中**满足have concerns to do的结构的句子：
But those planning the operations have more earthly concerns to deal with, too.
该句deal with和concerns有特定逻辑关系：
concerns是deal with的宾语。
错句Poor students may have concerns to continue education.中concerns不可能是continue education的宾语。
这就是语言使用的逻辑错误。
我们查一下have concerns常见的用法。
have concerns的常见表达：
Seek help from your pediatrician if you have concerns about your child's health.
所以，错句应该改成：
Poor students may have concerns about continuing education.
不就是把原句中的不定式改成介词短语嘛，有什么大不了的？
错句的问题不是把介词断错错写成不定式，而是：
改正之前，不知道原句想说什么。
考官做的不是“作文批改”，而是了解“考生想说什么”。
学生作文选句2：matriculation of universities （大学录取）
matriculation 录取
我们来看3个正确的例句：
1) It did not support the matriculation of women.
2) It's also the highest ever rate of matriculation of accepted applicants, with nearly 80% of those admitted joining the corps.
3) The height of matriculation to Yale was 1937, when one freshman in ten at Yale was an Andover alumnus.
你会发现matriculation of接 录取对象（学生等）；
matriculation to接 收人的机构（大学等）。
matriculation接错了介词，或者matriculation后的介词接错了对象，将导致语言使用的逻辑错误。
错句应该改成：
matriculation to universities
不就选错了介词嘛，是什么大问题吗？
诚然，有些介词错误，根本不影响理解。

但是，上文中的错误，导致了句子逻辑问题，即“把学校录取”，根本不知所云。
(4)
2018年11月3日考题 It is shown that many criminals have a low level of education. Some people believe that the best way to reduce crime is to educate them in prison so that they can find a job after they leave prison. To what extent do you agree？
学生作文选句：prepare ex-offenders for job skills
我们来看3个正确的例句：
1) They are all there to sharpen their skills and prepare for a fresh start in a new economy.
2) A pioneering initiative JobMatch helps the unemployed gain skills and prepare for interviews.
3) The skills learned at business school prepare graduates for a wide range of careers.
你会发现，prepare (sb.) for接的是某人要去做或者要面对的事情（比如a fresh start,interviews,careers）。
但job skills并不属于某人要去做或者面对的事情，而是某人面对一件事（如工作）需要的条件。
这就是语言使用的逻辑错误。
错句可以改成：
equip ex-offenders with job skills
“我怎么会想到这里要用equip?”
方法是这样的：
考虑句中名词ex-offenders（属于人）和skills（技能）的关系，合理的关系可能是掌握/具备。
equip sb. with就是使某人具备的意思。
再去语料库里边查查equip with skills，发现搭配存在，于是确认这是正确的改法。