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题: CroupMedia
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The most thoroughly studied intellectuals (in the history of the new world)are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else (in colonial America) was “so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations (of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.)
minister :a trained religious leader.
preoccupation :a state of thinking about sth continuously. sth that you think aboutfrequently or for a long time.
unfolding :tobe gradually made known. to gradually make sth knownto other people.
在新大陆的历史上，对17世纪新英格兰的牧师和政治领袖这样的知识分子研究较为深入。根据美国哲学通史的记载，在美洲殖民地区，没有什么地方比新英格兰还要对文化的追求。而根据大量文献记载，新英格兰的***为清确立了基本主题，并逐渐抢先占据了清教传统在美国学术领域中的主导地位。
To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas (about the church-important subjects / that we may not neglect.) But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, (adjusting to New World circumstances.) The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes (in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.)
approach :away of doing or thinking about sth such as a problem or a task.
in keeping with : 与...一致
civility : politebehaviour.
virtuosity : a very high degree of skillin performing or playing.
采用这种方法研究新英格兰通常意味着，要从清的神学革新和他们对教会重要课题的独到见解开始，而这些课题我们也是不能忽视的。但为了和我们对南部学术界的研究保持一致，我们可以把较早的清当成欧洲文化适应新大陆形势的载体。新英格兰殖民地是这舞台上的重要一幕，上演着追求普遍理解文明和艺术的理念。
The early settlers (of Massachusetts Bay) included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers (who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629,) there were political leaders like John Winthrop,an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown (before he journeyed to Boston.) These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.
learned :having a lot of knowledge because you have studied and reada lot.
journey :to travel, especially a long distance.
earnestness:a quality of being very serious and sincere.
早期在马塞诸塞湾的定居者里包括一些在英格兰接受过不错教育的人和有影响力的人。除了大约90位博学的牧师以外(他们是在1629年过后的十年中来到马塞诸塞州教堂)，还有一些政治领袖，比如JW，他是一位受过良好教育的绅士和律师，在来到波士顿之前还是一位国王的大臣。这些人写了很多，也出版了很多书籍，这些书都传到了新旧大陆的读者手中，也给新英格兰营造出了一种热忱的学术氛围。
We should not forget, (however), that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. A tailor (named John Dane), who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England (that is filled with signs.) Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope-all came together in a decisive moment / when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line (he saw) would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons (explaining the Bible) that he heard in Puritan churches.
let alone :更不用说
dependent : a person, especially a child, who depends on another person for a home, food, money, etc.
composition : a piece of music orart, or a poem.
supersitious :迷信的
然而，我们不应该忘记大多数新英格兰人是没有接受过良好教育的。很少有手工者和农民能留下些文字供我们分析，更不用说侍从和仆人了。他们的思想中通常带有迷信色彩。一个叫JD的裁缝，是在17世纪30年代后期来到这个地方，并留下了一些文字，上面记录着关于他离开英格兰原因，在这些文字中充满着信号。性关系的混乱，经济萧条和宗教希望，所有这些在关键时刻一起出现，现在他打开圣经，告诉他父亲，他所看到的一、行字将会决定他的命运，然后他读到了一句神奇的句子「从他们之间出来，不要沾任何不干净的东西，我将是你们的上帝，你们也会是我的子民。」人们想知道JD对自己从清教堂中所听到的对于圣经的解释有什么感想。
Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast
/ who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. “Our main end was to catch fish.”
clergyman :a male priest or minister in theChristianChurch.

end:an aim or a purpose.
同时，很多定居者没有JD那样对宗教抱有坚定信仰，正如一位人员遇到沿海居民时所了解的一样，这些居民嘲弄着说他们自己不是因为宗教信仰才来到新大陆的，来到这主要是为了捕鱼。
Congratulations.
It is not your aptitude but your attitude that decides your altitude.