一般而言,英汉两种语言很大的差异在于英文是形合而中文是意合,英语习惯开门见山,先表达主要信息,而中文则讲求语言的委婉和内涵,往往会将重要信息置后。本文英语老师将简单讲解“2020
考研英语经典例句翻译(2)”。
Especially significant was his view of freedom, //which, for him, was associated with therights and responsibilities of the individual: //he advocated freedom of thought and of personalexpression. (29 words)
词汇要点:
1) advocate//v. 拥护,提倡,支持
2) associate//v. 联合,联系,联盟
结构要点:
1) 主干结构是Especially significant washis view of freedom,其中表语especiallysignificant前置构成了倒装;
2) which…wasassociated with…定语从句修饰freedom;
3) 冒号后面的分句对前一个句子做补充,主干是headvocated…。
汉译逻辑要点:
1) Especiallysignificant was his view of freed
om是主句部分。这是一个典型的倒装结构,为了强调表语especiallysignificant而倒装,真正的主语是his view of freedom。可以直接翻译:尤为重要的是他对自由的观点。
2) which,for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual是which引导的定语从句。这个定语从句,可以直接翻译在后面,采用重复先行词的方式来翻译,其先行词是freedom(自由)。for him是“对他而言,对他来说”。be associated with是“与…相联系”的意思。therights and responsibilities of the individual,是theindividual修饰前面的the rights and responsibilities,应该翻译为“个人的权利和责任”。所以这个部分可以翻译为:对他而言,自由是与个人的权利和责任联系在一起的。
3) he advocatedfreedom of thought and of personal expression是冒号隔开的同位语从句,是在解释说明上文的hisview of freedom。需要注意ofthought and of personal expression是and并列的两个of介词短语都修饰前面的freedom。这个部分可以直接翻译为:他倡导思想自由和个人。
参考译文:
尤为重要的是他对自由的观点,对他而言,自由与个人的权利和责任联系在一起:他倡导思想自由和个人。