今天小编给大家带来的是
考研英语高频词汇解析,希望对大家有所帮助。
1.tend[tend]
v. 易于;倾向于;往往;照顾
【词根记忆】tent-,tens-=stretch,表示“伸展”,引申为“触角”、“倾向”等
【短语搭配】tend to do sth.往往;常常
tend to sb/sth 照顾某人/某事
【真题例句】This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too.(2012翻译)
自然科学的这种倾向长期以来在社会科学中也非常明显。
2.distinguish[dstgw]
v. 区分;辨别;使杰出,使表现突出
【词根记忆】dis-,分开,散开,-sting,刺,做标记,词源同sting,stick→分开标记,区分清楚
【短语搭配】distinguish A from B 区别A、B
【真题例句】We are thus led to distinguish,within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,a more formal kind of education — that of direct tuition or schooling.
这就使我们进而得以在一直讨论的广义的教育过程中去区分出一种更加正式的教育,也就是直接讲授或学校教育。
3.fragile[frdal]
adj.脆的;易碎的
【真题例句】Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy.(2008 Text 4)
几位历史学家的著作揭示了这个国家早期的领导人做出的道德妥协和建国初期的脆弱本质
4.prudent[pru:dnt]
adj.谨慎的;精明的;节俭的
【真题例句】Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.(2012 Text 4)
公共部门工会在采取措施方面很谨慎。
5.precede[prsi:d]
v. 领,在……之前;优于,高于
【词根记忆】pre-提前,在前 cede-走,走在前面→领
【真题例句】A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system,which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it.(1996 Text 4)
推动发明的另一刺激因素来自“奖赏”制度,它产生于我们的专利制度之前,且多年来与后者一同实施。

6.competitive[kmpettv]
adj.竞争的
【词汇变形】
v. compete 竞争,对抗
n. competitiveness 竞争
n. competivity 竞争性;竞争力
【词根记忆】co-,com-,con-表示“与……一起,一起(with,together)” pet-:=seek,表示“追寻,寻求”。-ive,-itive:表形容词
【短语搭配】the increasing competive markets 竞争日益激烈的市场
compete A with B:使A与B竞争
【真题例句】When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential,they could in turn afford more education.(2009 Text 3)
当竞争的环境迫使我们的祖先去实现这种潜能时,他们反过来又能得到更多的教育。
7.conventional [knvennl]
adj.符合习俗的,传统的;常见的;惯例的
【词汇变形】
n. convention 大会,协定,惯例,约定
adj.unconventional 非常规的;非传统的
n. conventionalism 墨守成规;传统
n. conventionalist 拘泥习俗者;墨守成规者
【词根记忆】con-表示“与……一起,一起(with,together)”。ven,vent-=come表示“来”。-ion表名词。-al表形容词,“……的”→大家集合在一起开会
【短语搭配】conventional methods/approach 传统方法
conventional behavior/morality 循规蹈矩的行为/传统的道德规范
【真题例句】 Nor,if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect,is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.”
假如像学术论文反映的那样,科学家们期望看到与某种标准模式符合的规律性和一致性。那么如果管理者们歧视研究者中的"怪杰",而喜欢善于合作的较常规思维的人,这也是无可指责的。
8.pass down
流传;遗传
【短语搭配】pass on 传给
pass by(sb/sth)通过;经过(……旁边)
pass away 亡故
pass out 昏倒,失去知觉;分发
【真题例句】 Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage,either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA,which is passed down only from mothers.
但是,大多数世系测试只考虑单一的世系:从父系一方遗传的Y染色体或仅仅从母系一方遗传的线粒体基因。
9.operate[pret]
v. 运转;起作用;运营;动手术
【词汇变形】n. operation 操作;运营;手术
n. operator 经营者
adj.operational 操作的;经营的
【短语搭配】operational instruction 操作手册
operate on 给……做手术
【真题例句】We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement,a father’s bypass operation,a baby’s vaccinations,and even a pet’s shots.
我们要搞清楚动物研究和祖母的髋关节置换、父亲的心脏搭桥手术、婴儿的疫苗注射甚至是宠物打针之间的关系。
10.superior[su:pri(r)]
n. 上级,长官;优胜者,高手;长者
adj.上级的;优秀的,出众的;高傲的
【词根记忆】super-,在上,上方,-ior,比较级后缀→优秀的,更好的,出众的
【短语搭配】superior to 优于……
【真题例句】 He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention,and in observing them carefully.”
他又自谦地说,或许自己“在注意到容易被忽略的事物,并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人。”