6大类雅思阅读长难句快速结构剖析 ，希望能提高大家对雅思长难句的把控能力，从而更好的做好雅思阅读题。
雅思的雅思阅读长难句结构有以下几种：
一、并列句
如果句子包含2个或2个以上互不关联的主谓结构，也就是说并列句。并列句中的分句通常由一个并列连词连接，常见的并列连词有and, or 和but。简单易行的方法就是将句子从并列连词处断开，将并列句变成两个或若干个更短的句子，即为破句，复杂句简单化，长句简洁化，然后再用处理简单句的方法：抓句子主干，来依次处理每个更短的句子单元。
例如:Analien civilisation could choose many different ways of sending informationacross the galaxy(星系),but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated (衰减的)while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy.(剑9 Test 1 Passage 2)
分析:这个复合句可以从but处将句子分成两个更短的句子：but前面是一个简单句;but后面的句子有一个由while引导的时间状语从句。
二、各种从句
从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个具有完整语能的句子一样。从句可以分为:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。
例:Second, wemake a very conservative assumptionthatwe are looking for alife formthatis pretty well like us, since if it differs radicallyfrom us we may well not recognise it as a life form, quite apart from whetherwe are able to communicate with it. (剑9 Test 1Passage 2)
分析:这句话的主干是we make a very conservative assumption that…that…since if…whether…。一、个that引导的从句作assumption的同位语,第二个that引导定语从句修饰alife form,since引导时间状语从句,if引导条件状语从句。
三、简单句
对于难度较大的简单句,处理基本方法就是确定句子的主、谓、宾，找出句子的主干,忽略其他的成分,将长句破成短句,将句型结构复杂的句子变成句型结构简单的句子。
例:At variouspoints in evolutionary(有事业心的，有胆量的)history,enterprisingindividuals（within many different animal groups）moved outontotheland, sometimes eventothe most parcheddeserts, taking theirown private seawater with them in blood andcellular(细胞的)fluids. (剑9 Test1 Passage 3)
分析:这句话的结构很简单，就是主谓宾：主语是individuals，谓语是 moved out，宾语是 the land, the most parched deserts。但是由于添加了一些状语，一些修饰语——例如within介词短语修饰individuals,taking短语做伴随状语，使整个句子看起来结构复杂。
四、倒装结构
在英语当中,主语和谓语有两种顺序：一种和汉语一致，即主语在前;另外一种顺序是谓语在主语前面，即倒装。阅读中一般会出现以not only等否定连词和never, seldom rarely, hardly等否定副词引导的倒装句。理解倒装句，就要把它转换成普通语句，把倒装语序还原为自然语序，在自然语序下理解句子。
例: In adispute,not onlydo theinterests of one party not coincide with those of the other party,but(also)they are in conflict.
分析:该句中,not only...but also...引导了倒装句,把其中的句子换成正常语序就是：the interests of one party do not coincide with those of the otherparty.

五、插入语结构
插入语一般是对句子的某个成分的解释或补充说明，前后有逗号与其他句子成分分开，比较容易识别。处理插入语的基本办法是先略去不读，直接跳过两个逗号之间的内容，使插入语结构前后意思顺畅。
例:The International Institute of Noise ControlEngineering (l-INCE), (on the advice of the World Health Organization),hasestablishedan international workingparty, which includes New Zealand, to evaluate noise and reverberation(混响，反射) control for school rooms. (剑9 Test2Passage 1)
分析:这句话的主语很长TheInternational Institute of Noise Control Engineering (l-INCE),谓语是has established,宾语是an international workingparty,on the advice of…是插入语,which引导非性定语从句修饰an international working party.
六、其他句式
1. Butit wasachance tumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his lategrandfather's homethatsolidifiedthe young man's enthusiasm for chemistry. (剑9 Test 1Passage 1 )
句子结构分析:but表转折,it was a chance…that 是典型的强调句式，强调部分是a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yetfunctional, laboratory in his late grandfather's home.Late 表示已故的。
2. Thus,when Hofmannmade some passing comments about the desirability of a syntheticsubstitute for quinine,itwas unsurprising thathisstar pupil was moved to take up the challenge. (剑9 Test1 Passage 1 )
句子结构分析：Thus连词，因而。When引导时间状语从句， it was unsurprising that…表示毫不奇怪，是it is/was adj. that结构句式。
上面就是给大家总结的雅思阅读常见的长难句结构种类，仅供参考。同学们平时要多加练习，做到看到一个长难句，就能迅速分析出主干结构，这样做题速度就会提升起来。