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代词
(一)代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。
(二)人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
them(他们,她们,它们)
1.主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如: I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)/Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?)/Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?)/That's it.(就那么回事)/It’s he!(是他!)
2.宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如:Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?)/Help me!(救救我!)/We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)
3.人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如:Who is it?(是谁?) –It's I/me.(是我。)
4.三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如:
Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家
电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我)
5.人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如:What's the weather like today?(今天天气怎样?)—It’s fine.(天气晴好)/——What's the time?(几点啦?) –It’s 12:00.(12点)/It's a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)/It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间)/It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空)/We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的)