很多同学在雅思考试中都会有这样的感受，明明句子中的单词大部分我都认识，可是就是很难翻译成一句连贯的话，这就很容易弄错文章的整体意思，从而与正确答案失之交臂。其实有想雅思阅读重要的一个因素就是句子的整体结构。今天小编就要为大家大致讲一下这个问题。
一，了解句子的类型。
常见的雅思阅读段落中基本句型就是简单句、并列句和复合句。
简单句，大家应该见得很多，句子，只有一种很简单的结构主语和谓语。
比如：Tourists have chance to experience a completely different culture.旅游者有机会体验一种完全不同的文化。
并列句，就是整段话中有两种或者两种以上的主谓结构，并且他们之间属于并列关系。
比如：Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world, and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation's borders.(剑 6 Test 1 Passage 2)
句子结构分析：这句话是由and连接的并列句，可以拆分为：
a. Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world.
这句话主语是Foreign products，谓语是play，宾语是a role，一个in引导的介词短语作状语，第二个in引导的介词短语作定语修饰economy，from meat to machinery是插入语。
b. And foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation's borders.
And并列连接词，主语是foreign markets，谓语是tempt，宾语是businesses，that引导的定语从句修饰businesses。
复合句，这类句子就是我们常说的主语从句。这类句子一般有，两种或两种以上的主谓结构，但是它们之间属于从属关系。
比如：(1) That 引导主语从句，在主语从句中不做成分
That everyone may receive at least a moderate education is significant.
That education plays a vital role in all walks of life is clear
That advertisements are predominant in our day-to-day lives is obvious
(2)Whether 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Whether you can succeed in making your dream come true depends on hard work more than lick.
Whether technology is a blessing or a curse is discussed heatedly by people
Whether computers can replace the role of teachers has long been a hot topic
(3)Whoever 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语。
Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps
Whoever dares wins .
Whoever seeks obtains.
Whoever suffers gets.
(4)Which 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做定语
Which way you turn is up to you
Which book you read is your decision
(5)What 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语，宾语。
What's done can't be undone .
What we do willingly is easy.
(6) Whatever 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语，宾语
Whatever is at the center of our life will be the source of our wisdom and power.
Whatever you love and trust in this world loves you in return.
(7)Where 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Where we love is home
(8)How 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
How you think and act will influence your life .
(9) when引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
When the sun is dining is the best time to repair the roof .
When you can make it depends on your efforts.
(10)Why 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Why so many people prefer to live in the city beyond me .
Why dinosaurs became extinct has long been a mystery to scientists and researchers
.二，清楚句子变长的原因。
很多同学在做题的时候都会遇到长难句，坐着坐着就开始犯迷糊了，好不容易看到了结尾，这之前，句子中的信息也忘得一干二净，又不得不用赶回去重新阅读，这很容易浪费时间。接下来让我们看一下这段话：
There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.
分析有插入语(however)的长难句时，我们首先把插入语去掉或提前。然后我们可以看出句子真正的主干部分，是在no doubt后连接的从句中，而这个从句中有一个同学们在读文章时不易识别的结构：强调句(it is … that), 看出这个，那么这句话的主干就不难找出了，是the increasing number of applicants has led to the importance of the curriculum vitae, 即不断增加的申请人数使简历变得重要。看完主干后，紧接着看剩下的短语，我们看到applicants后面紧跟着with university education, 限定了applicants的条件，即具有大学学历的申请者，再加上一个状语的in the process of engaging staff, 即在员工录入的过程中，通过这样一系列的步骤后，整句话的意思就很清晰了。
通过这样的分析下来，我们可以发现，句子中其实嵌入了很多附属成分比如说状语，定语和补语。我们可以根据这样的，规律，在读长句的时候，先找出句子中主干，然后再加上这些修饰句子的这部分，那我们也将会很轻松的理解到句子的含义。

三、想多看一些不常见的句子结构。
1倒装句
Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.
结构分析：第二个分句由于把only放在句首以强调recently，所以使用了倒装语序。主句的正常语序应为literature has only recently focused on the role of a father.
2强调句
Similarly, noise did not affect a subject's ability to track a movie line with a steering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject's ability to repeat numbers while tracking (Frankel and Glass,1970). (C7T4P3)
这里的第二个did放在 interfere这个谓语动词的前面，起到强调的作用，do可以有时态的变化。表示强调的方法有很多，除了do之外，我们还可以借助一些副词，形容词, 反身代词， 如really, very, myself, extremely，词组in no way, by no means。
其实大部分同学备考雅思的时候，都会感觉自身的词汇量不足，就想着多背背单词，就可以得雅思高分，这种想法往往是很片面的。你连句子的主要结构都搞不清楚，那还怎么把这些词语组成一句通顺的语句，更不用来说把句子了解的透透彻彻。对考雅思不仅要考你的词汇量，更重要的是看你对句子了解的到底有多少，分析能力变强了，雅思阅读的难题也就迎刃而解了。有什么不懂的问题可以在下方评论区给我留言，我会及时为大家解惑。